04 June 2007

Sinners, God, and the Truth

A few weeks ago I remember my pastor’s warning for the church concerning a particularly deadly mindset. Bret said often it is preached among the peoples that God is incapable of fury against humankind, or that God will not exact the vengeance against sin and its captives as He has claimed, or that God cannot really be angry because anger is such a low, human emotion. My pastor made mention of Jonathan Edwards’s most renown sermon, “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God,” with an observation that many American congregations, who claim to believe in the words of the Bible, would not stand to hear such things preached; instead, they will listen if the preacher calls them “morally-challenged people, who try hard,” in the arms of a tolerant, sympathetic, and nonchalant God.

I read the sermon by Jonathan Edwards recently. I wanted to see why people made such a fuss over it. I want to understand why Christians, who claim to understand and believe the teachings in the Bible, would reject the sermon because of its title without having ever examined its contents. In the end, I must admit, I was astounded by the diligent attention paid to the biblical texts in Edwards’s sermon, and it has powerfully impacted my life.

According to Wikipedia, this is the “most famous of all fire and brimstone sermons.” The problem with such an epithet, and why it misleads so many people who see its title or read the popularized excerpts, is that the sermon’s focus is undoubtedly not hell, enduring the wrath of God, or being damned as a worthless sinner by an angry God; but indeed it is purposive and explicit in its focus on heaven, escaping the wrath of God, and being redeemed unto salvation by the worth bestowed upon us, indeed even that bestowed by an angry God, who will not tolerate fellowship with unredeemed, unholy people.

He began with the most explicit announcement regarding sinful humans, who are the enemies of God in their sin: “Their foot shall slide in due time” (Deuteronomy 32:35 KJV). He delineated the implications that humans as sinners are determinately bound for destruction and “that they are liable to fall of themselves, without being thrown down by the hand of another; as he that stands or walks on slippery ground needs nothing but his own weight to throw him down.” And in this context he came upon a theme that recurs throughout the first half of the sermon: “There is nothing that keeps wicked men at any one moment out of hell, but the mere pleasure of God.” Surely the vengeance of God is coming against the wicked, but “all that preserves them every moment is the mere arbitrary will, and uncovenanted, unobliged forbearance of an incensed God.” He elaborated on how humans flatter themselves to think they can escape destruction if they ignore it, or if they fight to preserve themselves with worldly means, or if they trust in alternative, manmade wisdom. To the sinner he spoke directly, “You are kept out of hell, but do not see the hand of God in it.”
And then the discourse shifts when he expounds upon what Paul had written (ref. Romans 8):
Were it not for the sovereign pleasure of God, the earth would not bear you one moment; for you are a burden to it; the creation groans with you; the creature is made subject to the bondage of your corruption, not willingly; the sun does not willingly shine upon you to give you light to serve sin and Satan; the earth does not willingly yield her increase to satisfy your lusts; nor is it willingly a stage for your wickedness to be acted upon; the air does not willingly serve you for breath to maintain the flame of life in your vitals, while you spend your life in the service of God’s enemies. God’s creatures are good, and were made for men to serve God with, and do not willingly subserve to any other purpose, and groan when they are abused to purposes so directly contrary to their nature and end. And the world would spew you out, were it not for the sovereign hand of him who hath subjected it in hope.
The last line, closely paraphrasing one of Paul’s, is where he begins to speak light into the vision of darkness. He spent much of his effort in the first half describing the sinner, the sinner’s folly, and how the inevitable and terrible judgment of the sinner is suspended until an appointed time. But then he mentions God’s hope in the midst of His sovereign choice to forbear the sinner’s judgment for a time, to subject creation to the curse for a time. And from this point in the sermon he preaches on two days, one of judgment and one of mercy. The former is coming quickly, but the latter is here today for those who will embrace the way, the truth, and the life of Jesus Christ. To those in the congregation Edwards’s spoke emotionally, “Here you are in the land of the living and in the house of God, and have an opportunity to obtain salvation.” This is “a day wherein Christ has thrown the door of mercy wide open, and stands in calling and crying with a loud voice to poor sinners; a day wherein many are flocking to him, and pressing into the kingdom of God.” Even to the children he said, “Hearken to the loud calls of God’s word and providence.” He ended with a desperate exhortation, which is theme coursing through the veins of the entire sermon: “Therefore, let every one that is out of Christ, now awake and fly from the wrath to come. The wrath of Almighty God is now undoubtedly hanging over a great part of this congregation: Let every one fly out of Sodom: ‘Haste and escape for your lives, look not behind you, escape to the mountain, lest you be consumed.’”

Even in my quick summary of the sermon I can think of many who would read this and be horrified, thinking that both Jonathan Edwards and Philip Thomas Mohr are fear-mongering, condemning, and hateful. These are the same people who would be horrified if they read the Scriptures entirely.
A voice of argument whispers, “But why, Philip, do you need to talk about hell at all? Can’t you simply tell people about love and peace and joy and heaven? Do you want to make people afraid?”
First I know, as Tim Keller phrased it, “without a knowledge of our extreme sin, the payment of the cross seems trivial”; there is no meaning to mercy and grace and salvation if there is no meaning to sin and corruption and destruction. Again I stress Edwards’s line directed to the sinner, that he is presently kept out of hell but completely unable to see the hand of God in it. The one truly lost does not recognize his sin, and consequently he is unable to see the mercies of God here and now. And beyond recognition of present sin and present mercy, recognition of God’s coming judgment of sinners is required to understand the significance of His redemption of those who repent and embrace the Son. The fear of the Lord fully reveals His love. This is why the word salvation is significant, because, as Keller said, “we need to be saved utterly by grace” from the imminent punishment due fallen humankind; if there is no threat of destruction, then salvation is a misnomer and a fallacy. The main argument against the threat of destruction—that is, the argument against salvation—distorts a few select Scriptures to say that God is love, and because He is love He cannot be angry and He cannot punish the sinner; but what that argument really claims is that God is indifferent and has no concern for the actions of the individual. But Love is not indifferent. Love is not uncaring. Love is deeply distressed and mournful when rejected. “But,” the voice of argument whispers, continuing to distort a few verses, “do not the Scriptures you believe read, ‘Love is patient, love is kind and is not jealous; love does not brag and is not arrogant, does not act unbecomingly; it does not seek its own, is not provoked, does not take into account a wrong suffered’? (I Corinthians 13:4-5 NASB) If God is love, and love keeps no record of wrong, how can God judge the sinner and take vengeance upon him?” To this I can first acknowledge that the next verse reads, “[Love] does not rejoice in unrighteousness, but rejoices with the truth” (13:6), and again proclaims that God is not indifferent or uncaring of an individual’s actions. The argument against the gravity of sin and corruption—that is, the argument against mercy and grace—has lost sight of what Paul was saying altogether if it considers “does not take into account a wrong suffered” to mean that God does not really require holiness. A bit of careful attention is needed for those who wish to quote from the Bible. It must be asked whether, when Jesus commands us to love our neighbors and enemies and brothers, we are expected to lovingly and ignorantly encourage them in their self-destruction or their hatred or their war against life. And it must also be asked whether love forces itself upon others. Surely God has freely given love to the world in His Son, but people lost in theirs sins have spurned this love and forsaken it altogether; it is not that God, who is love, has taken into account any emotional offense here, but that He has given no account of righteousness for those who have plainly rejected His love. The corruption inherent in fallen humanity endures for those who do not embrace the cross of Christ and the love of God, and therefore God’s anger burns against them, because He is holy, and they are unholy. True love cannot be found with unrighteousness in it, can it? No. The Holy God will have nothing to do with the corruption of sin. Indeed God has said to the unrepentant sinner, “I have made provision for you. The record of your sins has been erased by the blood of the Lamb. But you have rejected my provision. You have said, ‘My hands are clean,’ and walked away in your manmade righteousness, which is unrighteousness in My eyes. The only wrong held against you is the wrong you have held in your own bloody hands, and in the end you will condemn yourself when I cast all unrighteousness from the earth into the lake of fire.” Truly, God is incensed, and in His rage the sinner will be given to destruction, but it is not from out of a lack of love for humans. God’s love is made complete and obvious in the crucifixion of Jesus, and His love is shown to be powerful and everlasting in the resurrection.

This is the truth: that a sinner is in very real danger of the torment of hell, and that God has withheld his punishment for the appointed time, and that there is merciful provision on this very day for the forgiveness of sins and redemption of the whole of a human! This is the truth: that I, a sinner in the hands of an angry God, have placed myself into the holes in His palms and let the blood wash over me, and He has lifted me high with a firm grasp into the blessings promised to those who believe in Christ Jesus and seek peace and fellowship with the Holy One.

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